Cleopatra

Margaret Foley, Cleopatra, modeled ca. 1871, carved 1876, marble, Smithsonian American Art Museum, Gift of Paul William Garber and Philip C. Garber in honor of Sarah R. Garber, 1973.164
Copied Margaret Foley, Cleopatra, modeled ca. 1871, carved 1876, marble, 23 7819 5811 78 in. (60.849.830.1 cm.), Smithsonian American Art Museum, Gift of Paul William Garber and Philip C. Garber in honor of Sarah R. Garber, 1973.164
Free to use

Artwork Details

Title
Cleopatra
Date
modeled ca. 1871, carved 1876
Dimensions
23 7819 5811 78 in. (60.849.830.1 cm.)
Credit Line
Gift of Paul William Garber and Philip C. Garber in honor of Sarah R. Garber
Mediums
Mediums Description
marble
Classifications
Subjects
  • Portrait female — Cleopatra — bust
  • Animal — reptile — snake
  • Dress — historic — classical dress
Object Number
1973.164

Artwork Description

Cleopatra was one of many works that Margaret Foley completed while suffering symptoms of a brain illness. She completed the bust, along with an eight-foot fountain of three life-size children, for the Women’s Pavilion at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition of 1876. Cleopatra has been portrayed in literature as an ambitious queen and seducer of powerful men. Her passionate love affair with the Roman general Mark Antony is the basis for one of Shakespeare’s famous plays. The twinned snakes in Cleopatra’s crown evoke the kingdoms of Egypt as well as the queen’s manner of death. Rather than being taken prisoner, Cleopatra chose suicide, dying from the bite of a poisonous snake. Perhaps Foley was making a professional statement when she sculpted Cleopatra: the strong features and forceful gaze suggest the artist’s confidence in the power of women in a man’s world.